Israel may now be more willing to risk war with Iran after the barrage earlier this month targeted civilian areas in addition to military ones. The longstanding framework of deterrence appears to have collapsed, leaving each country in danger of misjudging the other’s response and overstepping at each turn.

By bne Tehran bureau Iran believes Israel will launch a retaliatory strike against the Islamic Republic by October 31 in response to Iran's recent missile attack, London-based Asharq al-Awsat reported on October 24,

Planned airstrikes on Iran will make the world understand Israel’s military might, the Israeli defence minister, Yoav Gallant, has said. The Middle East has been braced for more than three weeks for a threatened Israeli response to Iran’s 1 October missile attack,