An international research team has designed a novel cooling system for PV modules involving a phase change material (PCM), heat sink fins, and water. The experimental system utilizes passive cooling, ...

Water-source variable refrigerant flow (VRF)/variable refrigerant volume (VRV) systems are compact, flexible systems designed to offer many of the same benefits of air-source VRF/VRV systems. These ...

The heat generated from large power semiconductors such as IGBTs, diodes, or thyristors can be as high as several kilowatts. While conventional extruded heat sinks have been one of the most widely ...