A promising path to fighting COVID and other coronaviruses may have been based on a serious mistake. Scientists had zeroed in ...

Understanding where and in what quantities essential elements for life have existed on Earth's surface helps explain the ...

The COVID pandemic illustrated how urgently we need antiviral medications capable of treating coronavirus infections. To aid ...

In the case of DNA and RNA, these monomers are nucleotides. Nucleotides themselves are composed of three distinct parts: sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. Here's what each of those really ...

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a linear molecule composed of four types of smaller molecules called ribonucleotide bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U). RNA is often compared ...

The subtype of RNA Dr. Kirino studied is called cyclic-phosphate containing RNA, or cP-RNA, for short. Although researchers knew this unusual form of phosphate existed on RNA molecules, ...

RNA molecules are formed from three components: a sugar, a base and a phosphate group. In past research, chemists developed each of the components and then tried to put them together to make the ...

Understanding where and in what quantities essential elements for life have existed on Earth's surface helps explain the ...

Inorganic phosphate has been shown to act as a versatile shepherd in a new recipe for making ribonucleotides ...

RNA repair pathways rely on RNA ligases to maintain or manipulate RNA structure in response to ... and Shuman, S. (2013) Mechanism of RNA 2’,3’-cyclic phosphate end-healing by T4 polynucleotide kinase ...

Yet when “naked” RNA is injected, it degrades quickly. To address this issue, scientists have developed, and now widely use, the strategy of encapsulating mRNA into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs).