Systems out of thermodynamic equilibrium are very common in nature. In recent years they have attracted constantly growing attention because of their relevance for fundamental physics as well as for ...

For decades, density functional theory (DFT) has been the workhorse of first-principles materials science. Immense efforts have gone into the development of improved exchange–correlation ...

Schematic representation of the difference between the local thermal equilibrium approximation (a) and the full non-equilibrium description (b) for quantum friction. In the first case it is assumed ...